{"id":1653,"date":"2017-11-25T15:18:23","date_gmt":"2017-11-25T12:18:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mekanikelektriktesisat.com\/?p=1653"},"modified":"2017-11-25T15:18:23","modified_gmt":"2017-11-25T12:18:23","slug":"boru-basinc-kaybi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/benga.pro\/index.php\/2017\/11\/25\/boru-basinc-kaybi\/","title":{"rendered":"Boru Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Kayb\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Herhangi bir sistemde 2 nokta aras\u0131nda ak\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in bu iki nokta aras\u0131nda potansiyel fark\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekir. E\u011fer A noktas\u0131ndaki potansiyel, B noktas\u0131ndaki potansiyelden y\u00fcksekse A noktas\u0131ndan B noktas\u0131na bir ak\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. \u0130ki nokta aras\u0131ndaki potansiyel fark\u0131 boru i\u00e7indeki s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda boru i\u00e7 cidarlar\u0131na s\u00fcrt\u00fcnerek kaybolan enerjiyi kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Boru bas\u0131n\u00e7 kayb\u0131 dedi\u011fimiz \u015fey asl\u0131nda budur.<\/p>\n

Boru bas\u0131n\u00e7 kayb\u0131 hesaplama metotlar\u0131<\/h4>\n

Boru bas\u0131n\u00e7 kayb\u0131 asl\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k bir form\u00fclasyona sahiptir. Bu nedenle hesab\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 metotlara ba\u015fvurulmaktad\u0131r. Kay\u0131p de\u011ferinin hesaplanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in belli ba\u015fl\u0131 5 tane metot vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Darcy-Weisbach Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/li>\n
  2. Colebrook-White Denklemi ve Moody Diyagram\u0131<\/li>\n
  3. Swamee-Jain Metodu<\/li>\n
  4. Hazen – Williams Metodu<\/li>\n
  5. Manning Metodu<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Bu hesaplardan Hazen-Williams metodu, Amerika’da en \u00e7ok tercih edilen, Darcy-Weisbach Avrupa’da en \u00e7ok tercih edilen metotdur. [1]<\/p>\n

    Biz bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda Darcy-Weisbach Metodu \u00fczerinde duraca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

    Darcy-Weisbach Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h4>\n

    Borulardaki s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme bas\u0131n\u00e7 kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 Darcy-Weisbach form\u00fcl\u00fc ile hesaplayabiliriz. Darcy-Weisbach form\u00fcl\u00fc a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dad\u0131r..<\/p>\n

    \"darcyweisbachform\u00fcl\u00fc\"<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Form\u00fcl asl\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a basit g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmdedir. Ancak buradaki t\u00fcm zorluk f, s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tespitinde yatmaktad\u0131r. Onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm veriler (boru boyu, \u00e7ap\u0131, ak\u0131\u015fkan h\u0131z\u0131, ak\u0131\u015fkan yo\u011funlu\u011fu) zaten bilinmektedir. f, s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131 2 temel b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lki ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ifade eden Reynolds say\u0131s\u0131na, ikincisi ise borunun p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fck katsay\u0131s\u0131na. Reynolds katsasy\u0131s\u0131 da \u00f6z\u00fcnde ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131na, yo\u011funlu\u011funa, viskozitesine, borunun \u00e7ap\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan f, s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131 da haliyle t\u00fcm bu de\u011fi\u015fkenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Reynolds Say\u0131s\u0131<\/h4>\n

    Bas\u0131n\u00e7 kayb\u0131 hesab\u0131nda daha fazla detaya girmeden \u00f6nce Reynolds say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamak gerekir. Reynolds say\u0131s\u0131, boru i\u00e7inde hareket eden s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn tespitine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Ak\u0131\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn laminer (d\u00fczg\u00fcn) ak\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 yada t\u00fcrb\u00fclansl\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 boru bas\u0131n\u00e7 kayb\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131ndan ilgilendirir. Bu nedenle bas\u0131n\u00e7 kayb\u0131 hesab\u0131na ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce boru i\u00e7indeki ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tespit etmemiz gerekir.<\/p>\n

    Reynolds say\u0131s\u0131, \u00f6zetle ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 artmas\u0131 lehindeki kuvvetlerin ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n azalmas\u0131 lehindeki kuvvetler oran\u0131 olup boyutsuz bir b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Yani, fiziksel olarak Reynolds say\u0131s\u0131, bir ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131n, atalet kuvvetlerinin (vs \u03c1) viskozite kuvvetlerine (\u03bc\/d) olan oran\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"Reynoldssay\u0131s\u0131\"<\/p>\n

    E\u011fer bu denklemin sonucunda bulunan Re says\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/p>\n

    Re<2300 ise ak\u0131\u015f LAM\u0130NER<\/strong>dir.<\/p>\n

    2300<Re<4000 ise\u00a0ak\u0131\u015f laminerden t\u00fcrb\u00fclansl\u0131 ak\u0131\u015fa GE\u00c7\u0130\u015e EVRES\u0130<\/b>ndedir.<\/p>\n

    Re>4000 ise ak\u0131\u015f T\u00dcRB\u00dcLANSLI<\/strong>d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    f\u00a0 S\u00fcrt\u00fcnme Katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Bulunmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    f s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n hesab\u0131 laminer ak\u0131\u015f\u00a0 i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a kolayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \"fG\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, laminer ak\u0131\u015fta kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k matematiksel denklemlere girmeden f s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131 kolayca hesaplan\u0131r,\u00a0 Darcy-Weisbach form\u00fcl\u00fcnde de yerine konarak boru bas\u0131n\u00e7 kayb\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

    Ancak ak\u0131\u015f, laminer de\u011filde ge\u00e7i\u015f evresindeyse yada t\u00fcrb\u00fclansl\u0131 ise farkl\u0131 bir form\u00fcle ba\u015fvurmak gerekir.\u00a0 Bu t\u00fcr ak\u0131\u015flardaki f s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n hesab\u0131 i\u00e7in 1937 y\u0131l\u0131nda Colebrook-White a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki denklemi ortaya koymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

    \"colebrookwhite\"<\/p>\n

    G\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi gibi bu denklem olduk\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r ve k\u00f6k bulmak i\u00e7in say\u0131sal analiz y\u00f6ntemlerine ba\u015fvurmak gerekir. \u00d6zellikle bilgisayarlar\u0131n yayg\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde bu t\u00fcr denklemlerin hesaplanmas\u0131 son derece g\u00fc\u00e7 oldu\u011fundan baz\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m form\u00fclleri ortaya konmu\u015ftur. Bu form\u00fcller Colebrook-+White denkleminin k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fcn bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 belli bir hata pay\u0131 ile sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m denklemlerinin baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: Goudar-Sonnad denklemi, Serghides denklemi, Romeo denklemi, Ziagrand denklemi, Chen denklemi, vs. Bu denklemler aras\u0131nda en az hata ile sonu\u00e7 veren denklem Goudar-Sonnad denklemidir. [2]<\/p>\n

    Bu noktada bir bir tercih yapmak s\u00f6z konusu olabilir. Colebrook-White denkleminden f s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in bilgisayar yard\u0131m\u0131yla iteratif i\u015flemler yap\u0131larak do\u011fru sonu\u00e7 bulunabilir. Ya da hi\u00e7 say\u0131sal analiz y\u00f6ntemlerine ve iteratif i\u015flemlere girmeden Goudar-Sonnad denklemiyle (yada tercih edilecek ba\u015fka bir yakla\u015f\u0131m denklemiyle) belli bir hata pay\u0131yla f s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131 bulunabilir.<\/p>\n

    Goudar Sonnad Denklemi<\/h4>\n

    Colebrook-White denkleminden f s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ekilmesi i\u00e7in Gounar-Sonnad taraf\u0131ndan ortaya konan yakla\u015f\u0131m denklemi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dad\u0131r. Bu denklem(ler)de Re ,\u00a0 p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fck katsay\u0131s\u0131 ve boru \u00e7ap de\u011feri yerlerine konarak f s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131 iteratif i\u015flemler girmeden tespit edilebilir.<\/p>\n

    \"GoudarSonnadDenklemi\"<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Boru Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Kayb\u0131n\u0131n Hesaplanmas\u0131 Program\u0131<\/h4>\n

    Yukar\u0131da anlat\u0131lanlar\u0131n excel ile form\u00fclasyonun kuruldu\u011fu program\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki bu ba\u011flant\u0131dan<\/a> indirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Kaynaklar:<\/h4>\n

    [1]Pompa ve hidrofor sistemlerinde kullan\u0131lan s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme kayb\u0131 hesap metotlar\u0131<\/p>\n

    [2]S\u00fcrt\u00fcnme denklemleri ve hata analizi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Herhangi bir sistemde 2 nokta aras\u0131nda ak\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in bu iki nokta aras\u0131nda potansiyel fark\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekir. E\u011fer A noktas\u0131ndaki potansiyel, B noktas\u0131ndaki potansiyelden y\u00fcksekse A noktas\u0131ndan B noktas\u0131na bir ak\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. \u0130ki nokta aras\u0131ndaki potansiyel fark\u0131 boru i\u00e7indeki s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda boru i\u00e7 cidarlar\u0131na s\u00fcrt\u00fcnerek kaybolan enerjiyi kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Boru bas\u0131n\u00e7 kayb\u0131 dedi\u011fimiz… Boru Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Kayb\u0131<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3564,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,49],"tags":[50,51,52,53,54,55],"class_list":["post-1653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mekanik-tesisat","category-teknik-konular","tag-boru-basinc-kaybi","tag-debi","tag-deltap","tag-glikol","tag-hiz","tag-viskozite"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/benga.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1653","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/benga.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/benga.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benga.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benga.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1653"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/benga.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1653\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benga.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/benga.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benga.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benga.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}